hero of surabaya

The Surabaya city was the capital of the East Java province, Indonesia. Surabaya was the biggest city of the two in Indonesia after Jakarta. With the number of inhabitants of his metropolis that almost 3 million souls, Surabaya was the centre of the business, the trade, the industry, and education in the east region of the Javanese Island and surrounding area. Famous with the Pahlawan City term, because of his history that really played a role in the struggle for Indonesian nation independence against colonisers. It seems Surabaya words came from the story of the battle myth between SURA (the fish hiu=bahasa Java) and OLD (buaya=bahasa Java). Despite the Javanese Ethnic Group (53%) was the majority, but Surabaya also became the residence of various ethnic groups in Indonesia, including the Madura ethnic group (7,5%), Tionghoa (25,5%), Arabian (7%), as well as the expatriates (the rest of them).

Surabaya previously was the Majapahit royal gate, that is in the estuary of the Time Mas. Moreover the anniversary of the Surabaya City was determined as May 31 1293. The day in fact was the Majapahit day of troops's victory that was led by Raden Wijaya against Mongol royal troops the envoy was supplemented by Ku- Khan. Mongol troops that came from sea to be depicted as BOYO (the crocodile/the danger) and Raden Wijaya troops that came from the land to be depicted as the SURO fish (the shark/brave), so literally was interpreted dared to face the danger that came threatened. Then the victory day was commemorated as the Surabaya anniversary.

In the 15th age, Islam began to spread fast in the Surabaya area. One of the guardian's members sanga, Sunan Ampel, established the mosque and the islamic school in the Ampel area. In 1530, Surabaya became part of the Demak Sultanate. Following the Demak collapse, Surabaya became the subjugation target of the Mataram Sultanate: was attacked by Panembahan Senopati in 1598, was attacked large-scale by Panembahan SEDA ing Krapyak in 1610, was attacked by Sultan Agung in 1614. Pemblokan the Brantas River current by Sultan Agung finally had forced Surabaya to surrender. In 1675, Trunojoyo from Madura seized Surabaya, but finally was kicked by VOC during 1677. In the agreement between the Nail of Buwono Ii and VOC on November 11 1743, Surabaya was handed over by his command to VOC. The time of Hindia-Belanda In the Dutch East Indies time, Surabaya berstatus as the capital of Karesidenan Surabaya, that his territory also included the area that currently the Gresik Regency territory, Sidoarjo, Mojokerto, and Jombang. During 1905, Surabaya received the status of the municipality (Gemeente). During 1926, Surabaya was maintained as the capital of the East Java province. Since then Surabaya had developed by the biggest modern city of the two in the Dutch East Indies after Batavia. Before 1900, the centre of the Surabaya city only revolved around Merah Bridge then. Up until the 1920 's, grew the new settlement like the Darmo area, Gubeng, Sawahan, and Ketabang. During 1917 was built by modern port facilities in Surabaya. On February 3 1942, Japan dropped the bomb on Surabaya. In March 1942, Japan succeeded in seizing Surabaya. Surabaya afterwards became the target of the attack of allied air on May 17 1944. After World War II ended, on October 25 1945, 6000 England-India troops that is the Brigade 49, the Division 23 that was led by Brigadier General Aulbertin Walter Sothern Mallaby landed in Surabaya with the main order disarmed the Japanese troops, the troops and the Indonesian militia. They also were assigned to arrange the former prisoner of war and to return the Japanese troops. Japanese troops handed over all of their weapons, but the militia and more than 20000 Indonesian troops refused. On October 26 1945, was reached the agreement between Mr Suryo, East Java Governor and Briggen Mallaby that Indonesian troops and the militia must not hand over their weapon. Unfortunately happened wrong the understanding between English troops in Surabaya and the troops's English post in Jakarta that was led Lieutenant General Sir Philip Christison.

On October 27 1945, at 11.00 the afternoon, the aircraft of Dakota AU England from Jakarta dropped the leaflet on Surabaya that ordered all the Indonesian troops and the militia to hand over the weapon. The managements of the troops and the Indonesian militia angry time read this leaflet and considered Briggen Mallaby did not keep the agreement on October 26 1945. On October 28 1945, Indonesian troops and the militia attacked English troops in Surabaya. To avoid the defeat in Surabaya, Briggen Mallaby ask for so that RI President Soekarno and the commander of troops English Divisi 23, Major-General Douglas Cyril Hawthorn to go to Surabaya and tried to get peace. On October 29 1945, President Soekarno, Vice President Mohammad Hatta and Information Minister Amir Syarifuddin Harahap with MajGen Hawthorn went to Surabaya to negotiat.

During the day, on October 30 1945, was reached by the agreement that dita you-handled by RI President Soekarno and the Commander of the Division 23 of MajGen Hawthorn. The contents of this agreement was to be held by the cessation shot shot and English troops will be withdrawn from Surabaya as soon as possible. MajGen Hawthorn and to 3 headed by RI left Surabaya and returned to Jakarta. In the afternoon, on October 30 1945, Briggen Mallaby went round to various of troops's English posts in Surabaya to inform the matter of this agreement. When approaching troops's English post in the Internatio building, close to red Bridge, the car of Briggen Mallaby was surrounded by the militia that beforehand surrounded the Internatio building. Because of thinking his commander will be attacked by the militia, English troops the D company that was led by Mayor Venu K. Gopal open fire above to disperse the militias. The militias thought they were attacked/was fired on by the English troops from inside the Internatio building and replied shot. A English officer, Captain R.C. Smith threw the grenade to the side of the Indonesian militia, but was wrong and even fell exact in the car of Briggen Mallaby.

The grenade broke out and the car was burnt. As a result Briggen Mallaby and his driver were killed. The report on early that was given by English troops in Surabaya to troops's English headquarters in Jakarta mentioned Briggen Mallaby was killed was shot by the Indonesian militia. Lt Gen Sir Philip Christison angry big heard the death news of Briggen Mallaby and mobilised 24000 additional troops to be in charge of Surabaya. On November 9 1945, England spread the ultimatum so that all of the troops's Indonesian weapons and the militia are immediately handed over to the English troops, but this ultimatum was not heeded. On November 10 1945, England began membom Surabaya and the violent war took place continually for 10 days. Two English aircraft were shot down by RI troops and one of the passengers Brigadier Jendral Robert Guy Loder-Symonds was wounded serious and died the next day.

On November 20 1945, England succeeded in being in charge of Surabaya with casualties of thousands of people of the soldier was killed. More than 20000 Indonesian troops, the militia and the Surabaya inhabitants were killed. All the Surabaya city was destroyed merged. This battle was one of the battles was bloodiest that was experienced by English troops in the decade 1940an. This battle showed the sincerity of the Indonesian Nation to maintain independence and expel colonisers. Because violent him the battle and fatalities's size, after this battle, the number of English troops in Indonesia began to be reduced in stages and was replaced by Dutch troops. The battle on November 10 1945 this till now was recalled and commemorated as the Pahlawan Day.

The history of the Malang city

The Malang area was old civilisation that be classed as the first time emerging in the Indonesian history that is since the age to 7 Masehi. The legacy that was older like in Trinil (the Homosexual Soloensis) and Wajak - Mojokerto (the Homosexual Wajakensis) was physical archeology proof (the fossil) that did not show the existence of a civilisation. The legacy purbakala around the Malang City territory like the Dinoyo Inscription (760 Masehi), the Badut Temple, Besuki, Singosari, Jago, Kidal and the religious object came from 1414 in the Selabraja Village showed Malang was the centre of civilisation for 7 centuries in a manner continued. Malang was the authority territory 5 dynasties that is Dewasimha/Gajayana (the Kanjuruhan Kingdom), Balitung/Daksa/Tulodong Wawa (the Kingdom Mataram Hindu), Sindok/Dharmawangsa/Airlangga/Kertajaya (the Kediri Kingdom), Ken Arok as far as Kertanegara (the Singosari Kingdom), Raden Wijaya as far as Bhre Tumapel 1447 - 1451 (the Majapahit Kingdom).

REALLY the KANJURUHAN KINGDOM

Kerajaan Kanjuruhan menurut para ahli purbakala berpusat dikawasan Dinoyo Kota Malang sekarang. Salah satu bukti keberadaan Kerajaan Kanjuruhan ini adalah Prasasti Dinoyo yang saat ini berada di Museum Jakarta. Prasasti Dinoyo ditemukan di Desa Merjosari (5 Km. sebelah Barat Kota Malang), di kawasan Kampus III Universitas Muhammadiyah saat ini. Prasasti Dinoyo merupakan peninggalan yang unik karena ditulis dalam huruf Jawa Kuno dan bukan huruf Pallawa sebagaimana prasasti sebelumnya. Keistimewaan lain adalah cara penulisan tahun berbentuk Condro Sangkala berbunyi Nayana Vasurasa (tahun 682 Saka) atau tahun 760 Masehi. Dalam Prasasti Dinoyo diceritakan masa keemasan Kerajaan Kanjuruhan sebagaimana berikut :

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Translation:

The Kanjuruhan kingdom according to the experts purbakala concentrated dikawasan Dinoyo Kota Malang now. One of the existence proof of this Kanjuruhan Kingdom were the Dinoyo Inscription that at this time was in the Jakarta Museum. The Dinoyo inscription was found in the Merjosari Village (5 Km. one West Kota Malang), in the III Universitas Muhammadiyah Campus region at this time. The Dinoyo inscription was the legacy that was unique because of being written in the letter Javanese Kuno and not the Pallawa letter as the inscription beforehand. The other expertise was the writing method of the year of having the shape of Condro Sangkala sounded Nayana Vasurasa (the year 682 heritages) or the year 760 Masehi. In the Dinoyo Inscription was told by the golden period of the Kanjuruhan Kingdom as along with:

had a kingdom that was led by the King who was magical and wise by the name of Dewasimha # After King died was replaced by his son who had a name Liswa # Liswa famous with the Gajayana degree and was on duty at the big Palace named Kanjuruhan # Liswa had the daughter who was mentioned as Uttiyana # King Gajayana was loved brahmana and his people because brought peace throughout negeri # the King and his people worshipped to that was noble Agastya # Together King and the country dignitaries Agastya (was acknowledged as Maharesi) eliminated penyakit # the King saw the Agastya Statue from sandalwood belonging to the grandmother moyangnya # Then the king ordered made the Agastya Statue from the beautiful black stone .One of the Arca Agastya was in the Besuki Temple region that at this time remained at his foundation then. Other proof the existence of the Kanjuruhan Kingdom was the Badut Temple that up to now still quite good his situation as well as has mengalama renovation from the Purbakala Service. The other legacy was the Dewasimha Statue that was in the middle of the Dinoyo Market at this time.
REALLY the KINGDOM Mataram HINDU
The descendants Dewasimha and Gajayana retreated in line with the new dynasty emergence in the Kediri area that is Balitung, Daksa, Tulodong and the gibbon that were the descendants Mataram King Hindu in Central Java. Balitung (898 - 910) was Mataram King first that controlled Central Java and East Java. This dynasty focussed his authority in the Kediri area that was closer to Central Java compared with the former centre of the authority of the Kanjuruhan Kingdom in Malang. In this period of Malang only a territory that was not so important his position.

REALLY the Kediri KINGDOM, DAHA AND JENGGALA

The following dynasty that was in charge of Kediri after the decline Mataram Hindu was the descendants Sindok, Dharmawangsa, of Airlangga and finally Kertajaya (1216 - 1222). In this period the centre of the switching authority to Daha/Jenggala whereas the Malang area became a territory was on a level with Kadipaten that went up and big especially as in the religious field and the trade, was led by a person of Akuwu.

REALLY the SINGOSARI KINGDOM

Singosari was known as one of the biggest kingdoms in the Javanese land that was respected all over the Indonesian Archipelago and manca the country. Singosari originally was one of Kadipaten was supervised by the authority of Kediri King that is Kertajaya. This Kadipaten named Tumapel was led by Akuwu Tunggul Ametung that afterwards was seized by his position by Ken Arok Ken Arok afterwards returned the centre of the authority to the Malang area after Kediri was conquered. While 7 generations of the Singosari Kingdom developed fast until controlling most Indonesian Archipelago territories. Moreover the King finally that is Kertanegara was ashamed of the envoy Maharaja Tiongkok Kubhilai Khan that asked Singosari to hand over his authority.

Singosari fell ketangan Kediri when most Kertanegara troops carried out the war expedition as far as the Melayu Kingdom and Sriwijaya. However not old afterwards Kediri troops succeeded in being repulsed by the Kertanegara descendants that is Raden Wijaya that afterwards was known as the founder of the Majapahit Kingdom. At the time of that almost simultaneously Raden Wijaya must also face the attack from the Tiongkok fleet that demanded replied on the treatment of King Singosari beforehand (Kertanegara) against his envoy. The Tiongkok fleet thus succeeded in being overcome by Raden Wijaya owing to help from the Madura Ruler that is Arya Wiraraja.
REALLY the MAJAPAHIT KINGDOM

The Majapahit kingdom achieved the golden period when being led by Hayam Wuruk with patih him the Mada Elephant that was famous by swearing Palapa. Majapahit conquered almost all of the Indonesian Archipelago and spread his wings as far as all of South-East Asia. In this period the Malang area no longer becomes the centre of the authority because of being suspected of moving to the Nganjuk area. According to the experts in Malang was placed by a ruler who was acknowledged as the King also.

In the Kertagama Country was narrated by Hayam Wuruk as King Majapahit did pilgrimage to his ancestors's grave (that was around the Malang area), one of them near the grave of Ken Arok. This showed that although not the centre of the government but Malang was the region that disucikan because of being the grave land of the ancestors that were worshipped as the God. Several inscriptions and the Majapahit legacy statue dikawasan the peak of the Se- Meru Mountain (the Ranu Gumbolo Lake) but also in the Arjuna Mountain showed that the Mount Bromo region - Tengger - A Meru as well as the Arjuna Mountain were the residing place of the gods and only descendants the King who might set foot in this territory. Could be concluded that various legacies were the series that was connected with each other although being separated by the period that was different for the length of 7 centuries.
The NAME ORIGIN of the Malang CITY

The Batara Malangkucecwara name was stated in Kedu Charter (the year 907) and Singhasari Charter (the year 908). Told how that the holders of charter were the worshipper Batara (the God) Malangkucecwara, Puteswara (Putikecwara according to Dinoyo Charter), Kutusan, Cilahedecwara and Tulecwara. According to the experts among them Bosch, Krom and Stein Calleneis, this Batara name actually was King's name local that died, was buried in the Malangkucecwara Temple that afterwards was worshipped by his follower, this in accordance with the God's cult - the King in the Ciwa religion.

The name this Batara really close to the name of the Malang City at this time, remembered the other vernacular name also regarding the legacy in this area for example the Badut Village (the Badut Temple), Singosari (the Singosari Temple). In the Pararaton Book also was told by the closeness of relations between the name of the place at this time by the name of the place in the past for example Palandit (currently Wendit) that was the centre of the arena or the religious college. The religious activity in Wendit was one of the triangles of the centre of the Kutaraja activity in the period of Ken Arok (Singosari - Kegenengan - Left-handed - the Champion: all of them took the form of the temple). The centre of the arena was mentioned as panepen (the place grew still) one of them was acknowledged as Kabalon (Kebalen in now). The Kebalen location currently that was in the Brantas river bank in accordance with the story in Pararaton that mentioned the Kabalon arena close to the river. Around the Kebalen area - Kuto Bedah - the Brantas BANG was often encountered the cave made by humankind that up to now still is used as the place grew still by the follower of mystique and the belief. Other proof the nearness of the name of this place is the Turyanpada vernacular name currently Turen, Lulumbang currently Lumbangsari, Warigadya currently Wagir, Karuman currently Kauman. Pararaton was written during 1481 or 250 years after the Singosari royal period used the language Javanese Pertengahan and and no longer the language Javanese Kuno so as to be made hesitate as the source of the history that was related to the government and politics. The Pararaton writing already. However the approach that was used by the experts in investigating the name origin of the Malang City was based on the assumption that the name of the place will not be far changed in this period. This could be proven in part from the Kabalon name (the place grew still) evidently also was named in the Kertagama Country. In this book was narrated that the daughter of the Hayam Wuruk crown that is Kusumawardhani (Bhre Lasem) before replacing his father before grew still in in Kabalon close to his ancestors's grave that is Ken Arok or Rangga Rajasa alias Cri Amurwabumi. The grave of this Ken Arok was the Kegenengan Temple.

However the Kabalon term was only known dikalangan the noble, this that caused the Kabalon term to not develop. The people in the period continued to mention and know the area petilasan Malangkucecwara by the name of Malang until being bequeathed in the period now.

REALLY COLONIAL.
After the decline in the Majapahit Kingdom that was urged by the Kingdom Mataram Islam, the Malang area was increasingly left even avoided because of the God's cult - the King and the Hindu religion were compatible with the Islam teaching. The legacy of Hindu civilisation - Ciwa is no longer paid attention to because follower of the Majapahit Kingdom that embraced the Hindu Ciwa religion took refuge in the Tengger area and his descendants are known as the Tengger community now. The arrival of white people's nation including Portugis, the Netherlands and England in the long run resulted in the decline in the Mataram Kingdom so as the Indonesian Archipelago fell in the colonisation period. In the middle period of the colonisation according to the Book of History of Java the Governor-general's article Raffles (1812), Malang was the area of the plantation was supervised by the Pasuruan Regency. Malang developed fast after having the railway line and the opening of various plantations especially sugar cane for the sugar industry. Until this two colonial factories of legacy sugar were still operating that is PG. Krebet Baru and PG. Kebon Agung.
REALLY INDEPENDENCE
In the period after the Proclamation of Independence was in Malang established by the Sementara Regional Government and in Independence war time (Clash I 1947 and Clash Ii 1949) the Malang area became the basis of the good struggle political and guerrilla. Various troops including TGP (the Genio Pelajar Troops) and Hamid Rusdi troops very famous with perseverance and his courage. One of the massive battles in maintaining the Malang City that always was recalled was the front of Street Salak (currently Street Pahlawan of the Trip). At the time fell 35 members the Brigade 17 detachments of I Trip East Java. In the former location of this battle currently was established the Monument and the Trip War Cemetery. The other war cemetery was located in Street Veteran off Street Pahlawan of the Trip.

REALLY the LAMA ORDER
The political upheaval at the end of the Lama Order period also happened in Malang because the activity of PKI/Komunis quite often affected the community especially the group of the young man. Meetings of the public, the demonstration, the disturbance and the physical clash between the supporter of communists happened to the supporter Kepancasilaan, one of them that was famous is the invasion of the Sarinah Building now. Finally the communist group could be overcome and escaped to the Blitar area so as to be carried out by the military operation of Sandhi Yudha that ended the communist adventure in Indonesia.
REALLY the NEW ORDER
The Malang city developed fast in the Baru Order period owing to the development of the increasingly good economy and the spirit of the community that was strong to gain the front better day. Various development activities in all the fields continued to be carried out and to give satisfactory results.
REALLY REFORM
Malang as the Pendidikan City also became one of the action barometers that rolled reform. Thousands of Pelajar and the Student took to the streets to fight for the people's right and the principle of democracy until being successful. And the struggle continued to be continued in the area in part by striving for the election headed by Daerah (the Mayor) that was democratic .

Egyptian civilisation old was at the same time with the city country that was in Mesopotamia, was known as one around eldest civilisation in the world and was known with the organising of the country and most advanced in the social order dijaman him. The fact that they found the article/the letter in milinium 3 SM and menggunakann him, that they also made use of the Nile river and they were rescued from various inwardly and outwardly dangers his connection with setting natural this country, obviously gave the contribution that was big against the Egyptian nation in the increase in their civilisation. However, this "civilised" community, in the "Fir'aun" period of the "government's" taking effect "(Pharaoh)" used system the infidel who was named clearly in Aal qur'an in the very clear and pertinent language. They were congkak, arrogant with pride himself, set aside and condemned. And finally was good their civilisation that went up, the political social order in fact with the strong troops although could not rescue when they were destroyed.
The authority Fir'aun (Pharaoh)

Egyptian nation civilisation really based in the fertility of the Nile river. The Egyptian nation stabilised in the Nile Valley was caused by the abundance of water in this river and because they could process the land with water supplies that was given by the river that did not depend to the rain season. The historian Ernest H Gombrich mengaakan in his article that Africa really hot and occasionally completely had not rained for months. This was the reason why many areas in this big continent were very extraordinary dry him. Parts of this continent were closed by the very wide sand ocean. On the other hand the Nile river also was closed by sand and in Egypt personally also rarely rain happened. However in this country rain not too much was needed because of the Nile river that flowed pass by in the middle of-was all the country.so who that nenguasai the Nile river that sangtlah important this then he that could control biggest assets the trade and Egyptian agriculture. Pharaoh could melangengkan his domination was upper Egypt with this road. The form of the Nile river that was narrow and memanjang in the Nile Valley did not enable unit-tunit demography that was around the river to too much developed his territory. That was the reason the Egyptian nation more chose to form a civilisation that consisted of small cities and the settlement than cities. This factor that reinforced the Pharaoh domination over his community. King Menes was known as pharaoh Egypt first that united all of Egypt old for the first time in the history in an association country approximately 3000 SM. Kenyaaan that the "Pharaoh" term the origin he proposed referred to the palace where the Egyptian king was, but at the time became the degree from the Egyptian kings. This was the reason why the king who governed Egypt old began to be acknowledged as "Pharaoh". As the owner, the organiser and the ruler from all over the country and his territories, then Pharaoh was accepted as the manifestation from the god who was biggest in the Egyptian belief old that Politheistik and deviated. Administration from the Egyptian territory, their distribution, their income, the shortness, all agriculture, the service and the production in limits of the country's territory was managed in kekuasan Pharaoh. The absolutism in his leadership period supplemented his command against the country with the authority that could do all the matters in accordance with keinginann him. Exact in the first dynasty of his authority of Menes that became the Egyptian king who succeeded in uniting the Upstream and Lower Egypt, Sungai Nile was handed over to the public with used saluan-channel water. By that of all the production was supervised by the command and all the production of goods and services was given for the interests the king. King -lah that distributed and divided goods and services into the proportion that was wanted by the people. This not was difficult for the king who had an authority in daeah this to place the people in the obedience of Egyptian King or that eventually will be named Pharaoh and he claimed to be himself as the holy creature that held kekuasan that was big and included all the requirements for his people and he changed himself into the lord. Pharaoh really believed that themselves were the lord.

Pharaoh words (Fir'aun) was named in Al Qur'an that was used in his conversation with Musa, this proved that they believed on the deity Pharaoh. He tried to threaten Musa by saying; Really if you worshipped the Lord apart from me, really I will make you someone that was imprisoned. (QS Asy-Syu'ara 29), and said Fir-aun to people in its surrounds; Hi Pembesar my group, I did not know the lord for you apart from me. (QS Al Qashas 38).

The religious belief
According to Herodotus a historian, Egypt old anxious group that anxious most faithful in the world. However their religion the note the true religion, anxious boots a form politheisme that sesat. And they could the note meningalkan the religion sesat they because they very conservative people (conservative). The Egyptian nation old really was affected by the nature environment where they lived. The Egyptian nature situation guarded this country towards the attack from outside completely. Egypt was surrounded by the desert, mountains and the ocean disemua the side. The attack was possibly carried out against this country only with the possibility of two roads, but they were able easily to maintain themselves. The Egyptian nation to was isolated from this outside world of the blessing of nature factors. However with the characteristics of the excessive fanatic so as the Egyptian nation memperoeh the way of thinking that shackled them terhdap the development and new matters and they really conservative towards their religion. Their ancestors's religion that it was mentioned repeatedly in Al Qur'an became the value that was most important for them. This was the reason Fir'aun and the proximity environment denied Musa and Harun when announcing the Sejati Religion by saying;

They said; did "you come to us to memalingkan we from what was found by us our ancestors did him, and that the two of you have the authority before the earth?" , we will not trust the two of you. (QS. Yunus: 78)

The religion/kepecayaan from the Egyptian nation old was divided in branches, that were most important into the official religion the country was the belief in people and the existence of the life after the death. According to the official religion the country, Fir'aun (Pharaoh) was mahkluk holy, he was the manifestation from their gods before the earth and the aim him was to hold justice and to protect them in the world. The developing belief the area dikalangan the community really complicated and elements that collided with the official belief the country was oppressed by the Fir'aun government. Basically they trusted many gods and this lord is usually depicted had the head of the animal with the human bod.

The life after dying was the most important part in the Egyptian nation belief. They believed that the spirit will continue to live after the body died. In accordance with this spirits from the person died was brought by these angels to the lord as the judge and the judge's 4 other witnesses, a scale of the level was compiled in the middle of and the heart from the spirit/the spirit was weighed in this scale. For them who died with the goodness opinion of more lives in the situation was full of beauty and the life in the happiness, for them that his opinion was more difficult with kejahaan was sent to one place where they got difficult torture. There they were tortured in the permanence by a strange creature who was mentioned with the "Eater" of the "Death".

the Egyptian nation belief in the life in the day was afterwards very clear menunjuukan parallelism (the similarity padangan) with the belief monotheistik and the true religion (that was true). And holy orders reached Egyptian civilisation old, but this religion was afterwards diverted from monotheisme changed to Pholytheisme. As is known that the commemorative givers called on people to meng-Esakan Allah and ordered them to become the slave him, was delegated to Egypt from the period to the period as mererka was delegated for all the world's population to one time or other time. One of them was the Prophet Yusuf that his life was in detail told in Al Qur'an. The history of the Prophet Yusuf was very important because of being gotten by the presence of Israeli children in Egypt and how they gaze at there. On the other hand in the history was gotten by information that said that many Egyptians who called on people towards the belief -the Monotheistik belief in fact before the prophet Musa although, one of the they were Pharaoh (Fir'aun) that was most important in the Egyptian history, he was Amenhotep IV.

Fir'aun Amenhotep IV Yang Monotheistik

Fir'aun-fir'aun Egypt generally is brutal, crushed, liked to wage war and cruel people. Generally menereka adopted the religion politheisme Egypt and idolised themselves through this religion. However was gotten by a person of Fir'aun in the Egyptian history that really-really be different from that was other. Fir'aun this maintained kepercayan against the creator that Tunggal and consequently he mendapakan the opposition that was very strong from the clergymen Amon, that they got the profit from the religion politheisme and with several soldiers who helped them, so as finally Fir'aun was killed. Fir'aun this was Amenhotep IV that began to have the power in the XIV SM age.

when Fir'aun Amenhotep IV was crowned as the king to 1375 SM, he encountered conservatism (conservatism) and traditionalism that took place for centuries, so as the community's composition in his relations with the royal palace continued to continue without the existence of the change. The community closed the door to meetings against the incident from outside and the progress of the religion. This very hard conservatism was also said by the Greek nomads old as being resulted in by the geographical condition for Egyptian nature like it was mentioned above. In accordance with the Fir'aun provisions, the official religion demanded the belief that was unlimited in all the long and traditional matters. However Amenhotep IV did not agree to this official religion. The historian Ernst Gombrich wrote:

Amenhotep IV carried out many changes towards many habits that disucikan by the old tradition and did not want to carry out the worship against the lord that have the shape of in various symbols that were strange from his group. For him only one Lord who was powerful that is Aton, that was worshipped by him and that was manifested by him in the form of his sun mentioned himself after his lord, as Akhenaton, and he moved his palace moved further away from the range of the clergymen from the gods who were other to a place that now is mentioned with El-Amarna

after the death of his father, Amenhotep IV young got the great pressure. This pressure was caused by the reality that he developed a religion that was based on the understanding monotheisme by changing the traditional religion politheisme Egypt and memcoba to do change-perubabahan that was radical in various fields. However the leaders Thebes did not permit him to send the message from this religion. Amenhotep IV and his people afterwards moved from the Thebes city and settled in Tell-El-Amarna. Here they built a modern new city that was named "Akh-and-aton". Amenhotep IV changed his name that meant the "happiness/pity from Amon" became Akh-en-aton that meant to "submit to Aton". Amon was the name that was given for the statue (the totem) that was biggest in the belief politheisme the Egyptian nation. Menururt Amenhotep IV, Aton was the "creator from heaven and the world", penyamaan the name of his term for Allah.
Felt was disturbed with this development, then the clergymen Amon wanted to claim the Akhenaton strength by creating the crisis ekono you in his country. Akhenaton had finally been killed by means of diracun by the gangs that ingnin destroyed him. Fir'aun following felt worried and they also sank in the influence embrace pendea this. After Akhenaton, emerged Fir'aun that had the power with the strength of the military. This once more resulted in the long tradition politheisme became developing the area and the existence of efforts to return to the past. Several centuries afterwards, Ramses Ii that had the power oldest in the Egyptian history was appointed to the king. According to many historians, Ramses Ii was Fir'aun that tortured Bani Israel and waged war against the Musa Prophet.